Monarch butterflies rely heavily on milkweed plants for survival. These plants not only provide a place for monarchs to lay their eggs, but they also serve as the sole food source for monarch caterpillars. Here are the top 8 types of milkweed you can plant to support monarch butterflies.
1. Common Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca)
Common milkweed is a tall, summer-blooming plant that thrives in full sun and can be found in 39 states. This robust milkweed requires plenty of space to spread. It produces large clusters of pinkish-purple flowers, which are highly attractive to monarchs and other pollinators.
2. Swamp Milkweed (Asclepias incarnata)
Swamp milkweed features vibrant balls of magenta and white flowers that bloom from summer through fall. This plant prefers shady areas and moist soil, making it ideal for wetter environments. Its long-lasting flowers are perfect for attracting and supporting monarchs.
3. Butterfly Weed (Asclepias tuberosa)
Butterfly weed is known for its warm golden and orange blooms. It is widespread, found in 41 states, and blooms magnificently from May to September. The flat-topped clusters of flowers are not only beautiful but also serve as an excellent nectar source for monarch butterflies.
4. Whorled Milkweed (Asclepias verticillata)
Whorled milkweed has delicate, needle-like leaves and pale cream summer blooms. This 2-by-2-foot prairie plant adds a touch of refinement to any garden. It thrives in well-drained soils and full sun, providing essential habitat and food for monarch caterpillars.
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5. Purple Milkweed (Asclepias purpurascens)
Purple milkweed typically grows 2 to 3 feet tall and wide, preferring loamy soil with moderate light and regular watering. Though it can take some time to establish, it is well worth the effort. Its deep purple flowers are a magnet for monarchs and other pollinators.
6. Sullivant’s Milkweed/Prairie Milkweed (Asclepias sullivantii)
Sullivant’s milkweed resembles a bouquet of small pink columbines and thrives in full sun and slightly damp soils. It grows to be about one foot wide and two to three feet tall, making it a great addition to prairie gardens. Its blooms are highly attractive to monarchs.
7. Showy Milkweed (Asclepias speciosa)
Showy milkweed is a bold and sturdy option that can grow up to three feet tall. It prefers dry, arid soils with good drainage, making it an excellent choice for gardeners in the western and southwestern United States. Its large, striking flowers are a favorite of monarchs.
8. Antelope Horn Milkweed/Spider Milkweed (Asclepias asperula)
Antelope horn milkweed, also known as spider milkweed, is native to the Southwest. It grows up to 2 feet tall and 2 feet wide, with seed heads that resemble horns. This intricate plant provides a critical food source for monarch caterpillars in arid environments.
